The lymphadenectomy, also known as lymph node dissection, is a surgical procedure that consists of the removal of lymph nodes and is generally carried out during a cancer removal surgery. Lymph nodes usually require surgical removal because they are located too closely to a cancerous mass, being prone to metastasize. The removal of lymph nodes is very common when dealing with head and neck, lung, breast, gastric, colorectal, or testicular cancer.